Mafeti emuchina wemapepa zvinhu zvakakosha mukugadzirwa kwepepa, zvichikanganisa zvakananga kunaka kwepepa, kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira, uye mari yekushandisa. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana-siyana—zvakadai senzvimbo yazvo pamuchina wemapepa, nzira yekuruka, chimiro chejira repasi, giredhi repepa rinoshanda, uye basa rayo—mafeti emuchina wemapepa anogona kuiswa mumhando dzakasiyana, imwe neimwe ine hunhu hwakasiyana uye zvinangwa.
1. Kurongwa kweZvinzvimbo paMuchina wePepa
Uku ndiko kupatsanura kwakakosha, zvichibva pane nzvimbo yefelt mukati memaitiro ekugadzira mapepa:
- Wet Felt: Inonyanya kushandiswa muchikamu chekudhindisa, inobata zvakananga dandemutande repepa rakanyorova richangobva kugadzirwa. Basa rayo guru nderekusvina mvura kubva mudandemutande kuburikidza nekudzvanya uye kutanga kutsvedzerera pamusoro pepepa.
- Kunzwa Kwepamusoro: Yakaiswa pamusoro pefelt yakanyorova, dzimwe nzvimbo dzichibata masilinda ekuomesa. Pamusoro pekubatsira kubvisa mvura, inotungamira dandemutande repepa, inoribata, uye inokurumidza kuoma.
- Dryer Felt: Inonyanya kuputirwa nemasilinda ekuomesa, inoayina uye inoomesa bepa mushure mekudzvanya, ichibatsira zvikuru pakuomesa.
2. Kupatsanura neNzira Yekuruka
Nzira yekuruka ndiyo inosarudza chimiro chefelt uye hunhu hwekushanda kwayo:
- Yakarukwa Felt: Yakagadzirwa kubva mushinda dzakasanganiswa dzemakushe emvere nenylon staple, ichiteverwa nemaitiro echinyakare akadai sekuruka, kuzara, kunamira, kuomesa, uye kuisa. Ine chimiro chakasimba uye inogara kwenguva refu.
- Felt Yakarohwa Netsono: Jira risina kurukwa rinogadzirwa nekubatanidza machira kuita dandemutande, richifukidza zvidimbu zvakawanda, uye rozoshandisa tsono dzesimbi dzine minzwa kubaya dandemutande redandemutande mujira risingaperi, richibatanidza machira. Machira akaboorwa netsono anopa mhepo inoyerera zvakanaka uye inochinjika, zvichiita kuti ashandiswe zvakanyanya mumichina yemazuva ano yemapepa.
3. Kupatsanurwa neMagadzirirwo eMachira Ekutanga
Jira repasi rinotsigira chimiro chikuru chefelt, uye dhizaini yaro inokanganisa zvakananga kugadzikana uye kugara kwenguva refu kwefelt:
- Fabric Felt ine jira rimwe chete: Yakagadzirwa zviri nyore uye isingadhuri, yakakodzera kushandiswa kwepepa risina kunaka.
- Fabric Felt ine mativi maviri: Yakagadzirwa nejira repamusoro nerepasi, ine simba rakawanda uye kugadzikana kwakasimba, zvichiita kuti ikwanise kutsungirira kumanikidzwa kukuru uye kushushikana.
- Laminated Base Fabric Felt: Yakakamurwa kuita zvivakwa zvakaita se1+1, 1+2, 2+1, uye 1+1+1 zvichibva pahuwandu nerudzi rwemachira epasi akaputirwa. Rudzi urwu runosanganisa zvakanakira zvidimbu zvakasiyana kuti zvisangane nezvinodiwa zvakaoma uye zvinoshanda zvakanyanya zvemagadzirirwo epamusoro epepa.
4. Kurongwa neGiredhi rePepa Rinoshanda
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemapepa dzinopa zvinodiwa zvakasiyana pakushanda kwefelt:
- Kurongedza Pepa Rakaiswa: Inoshandiswa kugadzira zvinhu zvekurongedza zvakaita sepepa rakarukwa nebhodhi remidziyo. Inoda kuramba kupfekwa zvakanyanya uye kugona kutakura mutoro.
- Tsika Yepepa Yakanyungudutswa: Yakakodzera mapepa ekudhinda, mapepa ekunyorera, uye mapepa ekudhinda, izvo zvinoda kutsvedzerera kwepamusoro uye kufanana. Saka, felt inofanira kunge iine hunhu hwakanaka hwepamusoro uye inoshanda zvakanaka pakuburitsa mvura.
- Pepa Rakakosha Rakaiswa: Yakagadzirirwa maitiro akasiyana ekugadzira mapepa ehunyanzvi (semuenzaniso, bepa rekusefa, bepa rekudzivirira kupisa, bepa rekushongedza). Kazhinji inoda zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaita sekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya, kudzivirira ngura, kana kupinza mhepo.
- Pepa Retishu Rakaiswa: Inoshandiswa papepa rechimbuzi, manapukeni, nezvimwewo. Inofanira kunge yakapfava kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti bepa racho rakakura uye rinonyunguduka.
5. Kurongwa neBasa Rakananga
Muzvikamu zvakananga zvemuchina wepepa, mafelt anopatsanurwazve nemabasa awo:
- Chikamu Chekudhinda FeltsMienzaniso inosanganisira "first press top felt," "first press bottom felt," uye "vacuum press felt," zvinoenderana nema press roll akasiyana uye nzvimbo dze process muchikamu che press.
- Kugadzira Chikamu Chekufenda: Zvakadai sekuti "kugadzira felt" uye "transfer felt," zvinonyanya kukosha pakutsigira nekufambisa dandemutande repepa.
- Mafungiro EkutangaMienzaniso inosanganisira "prepress top felt" uye "vacuum prepress top felt," inoshandiswa kubvisa mvura uye kugadzira dandemutande repepa risati rapinda mumuchina mukuru wekudhinda.
Muchidimbu, mafelt emuchina wemapepa anouya mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa zvinangwa nemashandisirwo chaiwo. Kunzwisisa magadzirirwo aya kunobatsira vagadziri vemapepa kusarudza felt yakakodzera zvichienderana nezvinodiwa pakugadzira, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kushanda zvakanaka uye kunaka kwepepa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-03-2025