Muchikamu chese chekugadzira mapepa e "pulping - papermaking - kupedza", inonatsa chinhu chinokosha chinogadzirisa fiber kushanda uye mapepa emhando. Kuburikidza nemaitiro emuviri, makemikari, kana akasanganiswa emuchina uye emakemikari zviito, inocheka, fibrillates, 帚化 (fibrillation), uye inonatsa pulp fiber, ichigonesa yekutanga yakasununguka fiber kuumba yakasimba bonding simba, uye pakupedzisira kupa bepa rine musimboti kuita senge simba, kufanana, uye inki absorbency. Kubva pazvigayo zvematombo zvechinyakare kuenda kumidziyo yemazuva ano yakangwara, tekinoroji iteration yevanonatsa yakagara yakanangana nemisimboti mitatu yakakosha ye "kushanda kwepamusoro, kunyatsoita, uye kuchengetedza simba", ichiva tsigiro yakakosha yekusimudzira indasitiri yekugadzira mapepa.

I. Mabasa Akakosha uye Nheyo Yekushanda yeVanatsi

Chinangwa chikuru chemunatsi ndere "kunatsiridza fiber morphology", uye nheyo yayo yekushanda inogona kupfupikiswa se "kugadziriswa kwefiber pasi pechiito chemuchina":

• Basic Principle: Kana pulp inopfuura pakati peanatsisi discs (kana mipumburu), inoiswa pasi peakasanganiswa masimba emagetsi akadai sekuveura, extrusion, uye kukanya. Iyo fiber sero madziro akatsemurwa kuita mamicrofibrils, uye pamusoro pacho inogadzira dense fibrillated chimiro. Panguva imwecheteyo, mafiibhi akareba akareba akachekwa zvakafanira, zvichiita kuti kugovaniswa kwefiber kureba kunoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira mapepa.
• Core Mabasa: Chekutanga, kunatsiridza fiber bonding simba kuita kuti bepa rive nesimba rakakwana rekusimba, kubvarura simba, uye kuputika simba; chechipiri, simbisa kufanana kwefiber interweaving kuti uve nechokwadi chekuenzana kwepepa uye flatness; chechitatu, chinjana nezvinodiwa zvemhando dzakasiyana dzemapepa, senge bepa retsika rinoda faibha yakanaka kuti ivandudze kudhindwa, uye kurongedza bepa rinoda gobvu uye refu shinda kuti riwedzere kuomarara.

II. Mhando Huru uye Unyanzvi Hunhu hweVanatsiridza

Zvinoenderana nedhizaini yedhizaini, nzira yekushanda, uye mamiriro ekushandisa, vanonatsiridza muindasitiri yekugadzira mapepa vanonyanya kukamurwa muzvikamu zvina zvinotevera, imwe neimwe iine yayo tekinoroji yekutarisa uye chiyero chekushandisa:

1. Disc Refiner

• Structural Characteristics: Yakagadzirwa nekadhi yakagadziriswa (stationary disc) uye inotenderera inotenderera (inotenderera disc). Iyo dhisiki yepamusoro inogoverwa pamwe nekukuya nzvimbo dzemazino akasiyana maumbirwo (akadai serrated, trapezoidal, spiral), uye kusimba kwekunatsa kunodzorwa nekugadzirisa disc gap.
• Technical Advantages: Yakanyanya kunatsa kushanda zvakanaka, yunifomu faibha shanduko. Inogona kuchinjika kune akasiyana pulp (huni pulp, mashanga pulp, marara bepa pulp) nekutsiva disc mazino maumbirwo, ichiita iyo inonyanya kushandiswa yekunatsa michina inovhara tsika bepa, kurongedza bepa, chimbuzi bepa, uye mamwe marudzi emapepa.
• Subtypes: Single-disc refiner (kuita kune rumwe rutivi rwe disc), kaviri-disc refiner (kuita pamativi ose e disc panguva imwe chete), katatu-disc refiner (pakati stationary disc + maviri mativi anotenderera discs, kukwirira kwepamusoro).

2. Conical Refiner

• Structural Characteristics: Inotora musanganiswa weconical stator uye rotor. Pulp inofambira mberi padivi pegeji rekonikori, iri pasi pekugera kunoramba kuripo uye kubuda. Iyo yekunatsa kusimba inogona kunyatsodzorwa nekugadzirisa iyo conical gap.
• Technical Advantages: Ishoma fiber yekucheka, yakanaka fibrillation mhedzisiro, inokodzera mapepa emhando inoda yakakwirira fiber kureba kuchengetedza (senge kraft bepa, linerboard). Iyo zvakare ine kusimba kwekushanda kwakasimba uye kushomeka kwesimba rekushandisa, rinowanzoshandiswa kukwenenzvera kwechipiri kwemarara mapepa pulp kana kugadzirisa kwakanaka kwepamusoro-giredhi pulp.

3. Cylindrical Refiner

• Structural Characteristics: Inoumbwa necylindrical grinding roll uye arc-shaped grinding plate. Iyo yekukuya roll pamusoro yakashongedzerwa ne transverse kana spiral ekukuya mazino. Kutenderera kwemupumburu wekugaya kunofambisa kuyerera kwe pulp uye kunopedzisa kukwenenzvera.
• Technical Advantages: Kushivirira kwakakwirira kune tsvina (yakadai sejecha zviyo, zvimedu zvepurasitiki) mu pulp, hazvisi nyore kuvhara. Inokodzera kukuya kwakakasharara kwemarara epepa pulp kana pretreatment of coarse fiber mbishi zvinhu zvakaita semashanga ehundi, anowanzo shandiswa kumberi-kumagumo ekunatsa mitsara yekugadzira.

4. High-Consistency Refiner

• Structural Characteristics: Inokodzera nzvimbo dzakakwirira-dzinowirirana pulp (15% -40%). Inoshandisa mudziyo wekudyisa wakakosha (senge screw feeder) kuve nechokwadi chekupinda kwehunifomu munzvimbo yekukuya. Iyo disc zino chimiro kazhinji yakafara-mazino uye hombe-spacing dhizaini yekuwedzera fiber kukanya maitiro.
• Technical Advantages: High fiber fibrillation degree, simba rekubatanidza rakasimba, rinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya simba repepa. Munzvimbo dzepamusoro-soro, fiber yekucheka ishoma uye kushandiswa kwesimba kwakaderera. Inokodzera kukwenenzverwa kwemhando dzemapepa emhando yepamusoro (senge bepa rakavharwa, pepa rehunyanzvi) kana kugadzirwa kwe pulp kunoda yakakwirira-simba fiber bonding.

III. Yakakosha Tekinoroji Paramita uye Kusarudzwa Nheyo dzeVanatsiridza

1. Core Technical Parameters

• Kunyatsoenderana: Yakakamurwa kuita yakaderera kuenderana (≤8%), yepakati kusarudzika (8% -15%), uye yakakwirira kuenderana (≥15%). Consistency inobata zvakananga kunatsiridza kushanda zvakanaka uye fiber morphology, yakadai seyepamusoro-inogadziriswa inonatsa inotarisa pane fibrillation uye yakaderera-inogadzirisa inonatsa inotarisa pakucheka.
• Disc Gap: A kiyi parameter inotaridza kunatsa kusimba. Iyo idiki mukaha, inokwirisa kusimba kwekunatsa. Inoda kugadziridzwa zvine simba zvichienderana nemhando yepepa zvinodiwa uye pulp maitiro (anowanzo kudzorwa pa 0.1-1.0mm).
• Disc Zino Shape uye Zino Width: Mamiriro emazino anokanganisa nzira iyo fiber inosimbiswa (shear-mhando yezino chimiro chakakodzera kucheka, kukanya-mhando yezino chimiro chakakodzera fibrillation). Kufara kwezino kunotemesa nzvimbo yekusangana yenzvimbo yekukuya, inoda kuenzanisa pulp rudzi uye kunatsa chinangwa.
• Motokari Simba uye Kutenderera Kumhanya: Simba rinotarisa kukwanisa kunatsa (kazhinji 55-1000kW), uye kutenderera kwekukurumidza kunokanganisa disc linear speed (kazhinji 1500-3000r / min). Higher linear speed inoreva simba rekugera rakasimba, rakakodzera kucheneswa kwepamusoro-soro zvinodiwa.
• Capacity: Yakasarudzwa zvinoenderana neyakagadzirwa mutsara chiyero. Kugona kwechigadzirwa chimwe chete kunowanzo 5-100t / d, uye mitsara mikuru yekugadzira inogona kutora akawanda-mayuniti akatevedzana kana akafanana kumisikidzwa.

2. Core Selection Principles

• Chinja kune Mapepa Rudzi Zvinodiwa: Kune mapepa ekuputira ane simba rakakwirira, kukoshesa kunopiwa kune vanogadzirisa zvakanyanya kana kuti conical refiners; kune bepa rakanaka retsika, kaviri-disc refiner kana katatu-disc refiner inogona kusarudzwa; kune tsvina yepepa pulp processing, cylindrical refiners kana tsvina-resistant disc refiners inosarudzwa.
• Match Pulp Hunhu: Pulp yehuni ine mafibhi akareba, saka tarisa pane fibrillation, uye yakakwirira-inogadzirisa inonatsa kana conical refiners inosarudzwa; uswa hwemashanga hune tambo pfupi, saka dhigirii rekucheka rinoda kudzorwa, uye yakaderera-inopindirana disc refiners inosarudzika; tsvina yemapepa ine tsvina yakawanda, saka midziyo inodzivirira kuvhara inofanira kusarudzwa.
• Balance Efficiency uye Energy Consumption: Yakasanganiswa neyakagadzirwa mutsara wekuita zvinodiwa, sarudza michina ine yakaderera unit simba rekushandisa uye yakanyanya kunatsa kushanda zvakanaka. Semuenzaniso, mitsetse yakakura yekugadzira inogona kushandisa katatu-dhisiki refiner, uye madiki uye epakati-saizi mitsetse yekugadzira inogona kushandisa single-disc refiner kana kaviri-dhisiki refiner.
• Funga Nekungwara Kuchinjika: Vanatsiri vemazuva ano vanonyanya kuve vakashongedzerwa nePLC control system, iyo inogona kuona chaiyo-nguva yekutarisisa maitiro ekunatsa (senge fiber kureba, pulp kusawirirana, disc kupfeka chimiro) uye otomatiki yakavharwa-loop control. Paunenge uchisarudza, zvinodikanwa kusanganisa hungwaru mwero wemutsara wekugadzira uye kupa pamberi kune michina inogona kunetiweki uye nyore kuchengetedza.

IV. Tekinoroji Yekuvandudza Maitiro eVanatsi

Neshanduko yeindasitiri yekugadzira mapepa yakanangana ne “girinhi yakaderera-kabhoni, hungwaru hwepamusoro-soro, uye nemhando yepamusoro”, tekinoroji yekunatsa inopa nzira nhatu huru dzekusimudzira:

• Intelligent Upgrade: Batanidza masensa, iyo Internet yezvinhu, uye AI tekinoroji kuona chaiyo-nguva yekutarisa maitiro ekunatsa uye otomatiki yakavharwa-loop control, kunatsiridza kunatsa uye kugadzikana.
• Kuvandudzwa Kwekuchengetedza Simba: Gadzirisa disc chimiro dhizaini (senge bionic zino chimiro), tora yakakwirira-inoshanda mota uye frequency kutendeuka yekumhanyisa regulation tekinoroji kudzikisa unit yekunatsa mashandisirwo esimba. Vamwe vanonatsa mhando itsva vanoderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne15% -30% zvichienzaniswa nemidziyo yechinyakare.
• Multifunctional Integration: Gadzira yakabatanidzwa "yekunatsa - yekuongorora - yekuchenesa" midziyo yekudzikisa maitiro ekugadzira uye midziyo yepasi nzvimbo; chinangwa chehunyanzvi hwemapepa anodiwa, gadzira akakosha ekunatsa (akadai seakanyanya-fine fiber refiner, bio-mechanical pulp special refiners) kuwedzera mamiriro ekushandisa.

Se "core shaper" yekugadzira mapepa, iyo tekinoroji nhanho yevanonatsa yakanangana nemhando yepepa, kugona kugadzira, uye mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza. Mumamiriro ezvinhu eindasitiri yekugadzira mapepa iri kutsvaga kusimudzira kwemhando yepamusoro, kusarudza akakodzera ekunatsa mhando, optimize akakosha tekinoroji paramita, uye kufambirana nebudiriro yehungwaru uye kuchengetedza simba inova vimbiso yakakosha kumabhizinesi kusimudzira kukwikwidza kwavo kwepakati.